Comparing and Contrasting Hinduism and Bhuddism Essay Example for Free

Comparing and Contrasting Hinduism and Bhuddism EssayBeing dedicated is what it takes for these two religions Hinduism and Buddhism. They are considered a way of life for some people. They are two of the most influential and practiced religions in the world today. Millions of people partake in these historical religions. Hinduism dates back to 1500 B.C. Buddhism developed a little darn after Hinduism. They both derived in the very rooted country India. Hinduism and Bhuddism harbor many similarities and differences. Hinduism and Buddhism are very similar in many aspects. some(prenominal) religions intent is to reach enlightenment. Enlightenment means wisdom. In Hinduism it is described as moksha. In Buddhism it is described as Nirvana. In both religions they try and reach this state of sinless understanding. In both religions reaching this state of perfect understanding involves reincarnation.Reincarnation is known as rebirth. It is when an individual soul is born again and again until enlightenment is achieved. These two religions may be similar when it comes to their goal but they do have many differences that make the two separate religions. Hinduism and Bhuddism have huge differences. Both religions founder and origins are different. In Hinduism is a collection of religious beliefs. It is the result of cultural diffusion. Because of that Hinduism has no founder. Non-Aryan and Aryan beliefs intertwined and developed into one religion. There are thousands of gods in this engaging religion. Unlike Hinduism in Buddhism there is a founder.Interestingly Bhuddism derived from the same period as Hinduism. Bhuddism is the result of religious questioning. Siddhartha Gautman aka Buddha is the founder of Bhuddism. He went on a quest to seek religious truth and an end to religious suffering. From then on he was called the enlightened one and Bhuddism was developed out of his discoveries and philosophy. In conclusion, Hinduism and Bhuddism have many things they make them different and alike. Hinduism and Bhuddism are what shaped peoples beliefs and understandings in that time period. These are the two religions that developed in the Vedic age. currently almost 1/5th of the world today practiced these two religions. They are two very respected beliefs still being applied to lives today.

How to Not Get Your Head Ripped Off By a Bear Essay Example for Free

How to Not Get Your Head Ripped Off By a Bear EssayPlease be awargon in the lead you read that if you have already encountered a hold up and had your head slantped off then this go away be at no help to you and you should stop learning now. To those of you that are reading this for entertainment, I destiny to ensure you that exile attacks are a serious matter and many of you walk through the woods non knowing what dangers await you. The horrifying truths of the woods start with bear attacks. You may think they are rare now, but in reality bears are Brobdingnagian hairy monsters just waiting for a chance to rip your head off and lurk through your trashcans. I hold right here the go of survival and the tools you give need to not get your head ripped off. If you continue to read then please follow every step accordingly and do not wonder off or skip a step.The first thing you need to know is the tools to not get your head ripped off by a bear. The first thing you must ne ver forget is a cool head. I am not saying to stick your head into a freezer for one hour and walk slightly in the woods. A cool head simply means to stay calm. When you see the ferocious bear you will want to run off screaming like a little girl, which will result in you tripping over your own twain feet and getting your head ripped off. The second tool you will need is extremely good acting skills.If you can vanquish your dumbest friend, then you sure can outsmart a bear. If you need some help on your acting I am sure you can go to Books-A-Million and buy Breaking into Acting for Dummies for provided about $16.00. The last tool you will need is a new pair of underwear. When even the biggest man faces this beast he will not be able to hold the pee in. Dont be embarrassed of the new wet spot that surrounds that area, because it is completely normal and we all understand. Some facultative tools you might want to consider is a killer right hook and a large, abnormal pet that can eat the bear.Now that you know the tools of not getting your head ripped off by a bear, you now need to learn the process. You are now walking through the woods and you look to your leftfield and see a large bear. Luckily, he is too busy scratching its butt on the tree to notice you. You need to back away lento and step very soft upon the leaves crushing underneath your feet. Make sure you also look behind you will walking backwards in font a tree limp inches itself in your way and trips you causing a loud noise.Once you are out of the bears sight, choose a comfy sitting spot and stay put for about thirty minutes. I recommend you singing Baby by Justin Bieber so that the bear knows you are there, and when it chooses to leave and it will most likely avoid you simply because you are singing that song. Also avoid eating at all costs. You may want those sweet and salty peanut butter crackers in your bag, but the bear will smell them and will charge after you wanting the food. This wi ll result in you getting your head ripped off.If you think that the coast is clear and you are ready to resume your walk, stand up slowly looking around you. I recommend singing Friday by Rebecca Black just to make sure no bear while come within singing remoteness of you. Even the bears understand how repulsing that song is and will run away crying if the tune even rings in their ears. But even though you sing the song, you are the unlucky individual on this day that runs into a bear still. In this particular situation, do not make eye contact.The bear will take the eye contact as a direct threat to his authority and he will rip your head straight off your body. This cadence he might even take the opportunity of ripping your arms off as well. Instead, back away from the bear very slowly and call kind words. For example, try saying that he looks extremely handsome today or maybe try telling him that you are just an innocent person and do not mean any harm. I am sure he can hear everything you say utterly. Remember to avoid eye contact. crownwork Now would be a great opportunity to make sure you are right with God.Oh no The ferocious bear has started charging at you. Whatever you do, do not think you can outrun the bear. He may be 365 pounds of pure meat, but he will chase you down and automatically rip your head off. So the best thing you can do in this situation is to stand perfectly still like you have been frozen solid. When the bear hopefully stops charging, try backing away slowly and singing I Will Survive softly to the bear.If you have followed all these steps perfectly and for some reason this bear is out to get blood, then quickly curl up in a ball. Protect your head with your arms so that he cannot just swipe your head right off. Now this is when the optional tool of a killer right hook comes in. If you can, try using your superfluous tool and knock that bear right in the nose. He will feel the authority you withhold and walk right on with his business, like transmittable fish or maybe even attacking another human or their trashcan.

Analysing Regeneration Of Newcastle Upon Tyne Tourism Essay

Analysing Regeneration Of Newcastle Upon Tyne touristry EssayUrban tourism has, in one form or other, been with us since Mesopotamia and Sumeria were spawning the phenomenon of urbanization. community with the means and inclination to do so have been drawn to towns and cities just to visit and experience a multipli urban center of things to see and doThese (towns and cities) were the melting pots of bailiwick culture, art, music, literature and of course magnificent architecture and urban design. It was the concentration, variety, and quality of these activities and attri only ifes that created their attraction and put certain towns and cities on the tourism map (Karski, 1990 A. Karski, Urban Tourism A Key to Urban Regeneration?, The Planner 76 (13) (1990), pp. 15-17. View Record in Scopus Cited By in Scopus (7)Karski 1990, p. 15).Newcastle Upon-Tyne played a great part in the industrial revolution the period betwixt the eighteenth and nineteenth century where on that point wa s major change in Western Europe, changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining and comport had adverse impacts on the kind economic conditions, Newcastle was prominently dominated by chemical, iron and steel industries.1(LAW 1993) cites In the last 15 years or so urban policy-makers have sought to develop tourism in an attempt to compensate for the contraction of those economic activities, such(prenominal) as traditional manufacturing industry, which have nethergone a structural crisis in many West European and North American cities. In order to compete in the raw environment created by the knead of economic restructuring, urban policy-makers have created new, or enhanced old, tourist attractions and facilities. State ownership, although originally conceived as a means of safeguarding These provided the ground work for a new approach, in which towns and cities were regarded as multi-functional argonas, meeting the demand generated by urban tourists and, indeed, stimulating som e of that demand themselves (Page et al., 2001, p336-7).g employment, had become a mechanism of retrenchment and restructuring. Privatization of the basic industries, as part of the Thatcherism free-market policies of the 1980s and 1990s signalled the final run-down of these industries (e.g. Hudson, 1989 Robinson, et al, 1987 Tomaney, 2003 Tomaney, et al, 1999).Today tourism is one of the largest consuming industry consuming substantial amounts of space within the urban destination with Gospodini 2001 stating that large attractions e.g. theme parks/ museums contribute to this consumption. Urban tourism is distinguishable from other forms of tourism by a telephone number of features which, while they are not applicable to all urban destinations and may be applicable to some non-urban destinations, characterize urban tourism destinations as a whole. Significant meter of tourists in urban areas are visiting for a primary purpose other than leisure, including lineage, conferences, sh opping, and visiting friends and relatives. Local residents (and commuters) are also significant (often majority) users of attractions and of infrastructure which has more often than not been developed for non-tourism purposes within urban destinations often the number variety and exceed of primary and secondary attractions are large.Men make their own history, according to Karl Marx, but they do not make it just as they please they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly encountered, given and transmitted from the past. Newcastle like many European Cities has seen terrible time with high levels of unemployment in the 1970s in the context of increase national economic difficulty there was a great dec in the manufacturing industry in the North, demographic trends resulted in a huge influx of young people on to the task market and the labour force employed in manufacturing continued to decline there were other contributing factors for the decline for example de-industrialisation and technological advancement, the growth of manufacturing in low gear- bell countries, the outcome was raising unemployment.De-industrialisationThe term de-industrialisation has come into common usage in recent years to mention (and perhaps emotionally charge) what is perceived as Britains manufacturing decline.As the volume of the employed population engaged manufacturing declined, technological advance served to alter the occupational piece of be employment by reducing the number of manual tasks required in production while simultaneously increasing the number of employees in non-production functions, implicated with the processing, lay in and communication of teaching (CRUM and GUDGIN, 1978 STEPHENS and HOLLY, 1981)Technological advancementAs the volume of the employed population engaged in manufacturing declined, technological advance served to alter the occupational composition of remaining employment by reducing the numb er of manual tasks required in production while simultaneously increasing the number of employees in non-production functions, concerned with the processing, compiling and communication of information (CRUM and GUDGIN, 1978 STEPHENS and HOLLY, 1981). This growth in information related activities in manufacturing may be related to both substitution of information for non information labour arising from changes in labour cost differentials, and the substitution of capital for non-information labour (OECD, 1981). Thus technological change may be conceptualised as requiring a resurrect in skill levels and a technologisation (TOFT JENSEN et af., 1983) of the workforce as the remaining jobs become increasingly specialised and technical in nature. However, at the same time as new technologies have led to a shift towards jobs with a high technological content (which we may expect to see reflected in an increasing analogy of employees in managerial and professional occupations),Manufacturi ng in low-cost countriesThe threat of competition from many of Asias manufacturing countries has been a growing concern for many European and Western countries since the archeozoic 70s with the decline of the manufacturing industry in the UK, politicians and policy-makers, and CEOs and line employees have all focused on the perception that Asias competitive advantage is based on low wages and an undervalued currency, and that this Juggernaut is overwhelming, leaving small European manufacturers with no chance or ability to Compete against them, Asia has various cost advantages-Asias ready access to cheap labour enables Chinese companies to pay on average 76 cents per hour (1/36th the average labour rate of the E.U.) With nearly 1500 million inhabitants in Asia seeking a better way of life in the eastmost, manufacturing plants provide improved pay and living conditions, including free housing, food, and medical care. This nearly inexhaustible supply of labour is ricochet to keep wages low for many years.Low cost of materials and components, stemming from the low labour rates of topical anesthetic suppliers, companies producing in Asia benefit, in some cases, from lower cost of materials and inputs.Undervalued Asias aggressive currency policies have kept the currency artificially low, not allowing it to float freely compared to foreign currencies. The result is that goods exported from Asia to the U.S. or EU is artificially low in price.Government incentives and less regulation. An example of Asias competitiveness is the Chinese government who offer tax breaks and other financial incentives to multinational corporations (MNCs) that engage in reciprocal ventures in China. These MNCs are also often attracted by the opportunity to do business while being subject to little or no environmental, wellness or safety regulations.Newcastles revival and mechanisms used for this.The emergence of a state managed region, the strengthening of regional policy laboured at tackling the problems of industrial regions like the North East included restrictions on development in efforts to shift enthronization to development areas and meant that the region became a focus for mobile forms of manufacturing investment, especially for labour intensive forms of investment from UK and US companies. Alongside the restructuring of manufacturing, the North East also participated in the general growth of service industries which emerged as the most important provider of employment. The growth of work in the North East (when compared to other regions of the UK) rested disproportionately on the expansion of the public sector (often through state-directed relocations of civil service jobs) while business services, for instance, tended to be under-represented (Robinson,1987 and Marshall, 1982).The physical transformation of some parts of the region, notably the Newcastle-Gateshead quayside area, was a significant development at the turn of the 21st century. Propert y development and culture-led transformation in the urban core helped to alter the image of the region, but such developments tended to divert attention from the chronic underlying weakness of the regional economy (Byrne and Wharton, 2004 Robinson, 2002). Tourism can be placed high on the list of impacts that have helped the North East to revitalise itself, from the last decade investment in the innovation of the inner city, the West End and East End. The Citys reputation as a regional shopping centre has been enhanced by the development of shopping precincts such as Eldon Square (opened in 1976), Eldon Gardens (1989), Monument Mall (1992) and pedestrianisation of Northumberland Street, upper Grainger Street, Blackett and Grey Street (1998). In the 1990s and through in to the 21st century Newcastle has been undergoing regeneration to re-establish the city as a vibrant and stylish regional capital and halt the population decline. The local councils and forming bodies published a re generation strategy for fifteen year the regeneration strategy gave a flavour of the broad remit of regeneration these included-Strengthening the economyImproving transport and connectivityProviding the right survival of the fittest of homesTransforming education and skillsEnsuring wellbeing and healthPromoting inclusion and social cohesionNewcastles councils overall aim was to create a vibrant modern, safe, inclusive European City by building on the heritage, cultural and economic strengths of Newcastle plus improving the quality of life all people and communities in Newcastle and playing a leading usage in the sustainable growth and prosperity of the region.Between 1970 and early 1980 the inner city was declared an industry improvement area (the first in Newcastle) in response to change in government policy to revive derelict areas through industry i.e. creating business opportunity around the region engineering, import on construction material and tourism industry, there was a large idiom with the local council on improving local infrastructure to support local businesses with upgrading local roads and highways plus ensuring that business awards were granted in 1982 the subway bridge was opened by Queen Elizabeth II the metro bridge links the metro light railway systems on each side of the river metro trains ran from Haymarket to Gateshead and Heworth later to Sunderland plus South Shields the metro system allowed both sides of the Tyne to better connected modify a far greater experience for visitor and residents allowing easier access to the town centre the hub of business services in Newcastle, Grainger Town which is considered the historic heart of Newcastle Upon Tyne between the 80 and early 1990, this once prosperous area which was on the decline was taken over by a new centre of retail and mercenary activity the area has had an investment of 120 million poured into it from both public and private investment. The region also embraced its emergenc e as a party city heavily promoting the leisure opportunities available at the city most of which revolved around the nightlife and social consumption of alcohol (Newcastle City Council, 2008). Indeed this fame reached world-wide levels with US travel consultants Weissmann Travel rating Newcastle as the eighth best party city in the world (Nayak, 2003 66), the major investment associated with the NewcastleGateshead Initiative has seen a number of iconic cultural projects materialize in recent years. The BALTIC which opened in 2002 was a 50 million project which saw the conversion of a disused 1950s flour mill into an international centre for contemporary art. This was followed in 2004 by the Sage Gateshead a 70 million music and accomplishment centre located on the Gateshead Quayside. The Gateshead Millennium Bridge, which opened in 2001 at a cost of 22 million, is a pedestrian and cycle bridge which gained international fame as the worlds first tilting bridge. The NewcastleGates Head Initiative was established in 2000 to develop a regeneration strategy for the area the river Tyne provided the focal point for a variety of iconic culture-led flagship regeneration programmes and projects one of many famous culture lead land marks that the NewcastleGatesHead Initiative made possible was the 65 foot high forge done by Antony Gormley the angel of the north which brought great publicity to Newcastle and changed consumer perception of the region. For the Conservation and regeneration of this region funding from both public and private finance was invested into the region from various sources, some are identified belowGateshead CouncilThe ERDFThe heritage lottery fundPublic fundingSingle regeneration budget argufy fundPrivate sectorLearning and skills councilFrom the regeneration over the last 3 decades Newcastle has improved on all primary elements of tourism (Figure 1) especially additive elements and secondary as a result of tourism development in the region ot her industries are attracted to Newcastle for business Tourism has helped to enhance the physical, economic and social regeneration of the region (Figure 2)Figure 1urb036Figure 2lawConclusions to enable to you to make a critical appraisal of applicability of Laws bewilderNewcastle upon Tyne is defiantly a city which can be sold as a product on the Tourism market, since the 1980s there has been increasing recognition of the importance of tourism to UK cities (Law, 1993). The growing emphasis on urban tourism as an area of economic growth for cities has come about through realisation that urban tourism acts as an important catalyst for the economic, social and physical regeneration of the city, creating benefits for residents of the city as well as for industries located there. Moreover, tourism is perceived as an environmentally friendly, yet labour intensive, industry which can benefit cities through income and job creation, particularly in the wake of the decline of traditional ec onomic activities (Law, 1993) .The localism model proposed by the Tories in the 80s and early nineties gave way to New Labours regional development plans and the establishment of the regional development agencies (RDA). As Deas Ward (2000, p.279) state the aim of the RDA programme was to provide effective and properly coordinated regional economic development by managing land assembly, physical regeneration, local economic development and secret investment. These provided the ground work for a new approach, in which towns and cities were regarded as multi-functional areas, meeting the demand generated by urban tourists and, indeed, stimulating some of that demand themselves (Page et al., 2001, p336-7).It was in such an era of change that Law (1993, p. 24-31) drew up what could be called a strategy for urban tourism, constructing a model whose various component parts were interlinked and life-or-death to the physical, economic and social regeneration of the urban environment it i s a complex of activities that are interlinked in a particular milieu and enables cities to attract tourists (Law, 2000, as cited in Thomas, 2004, p.241. Key elements in current urban policy, as he noted, collectd an emphasis on economic policies an emphasis on obtaining private investment an emphasis on property development public sector investment in infrastructure a focus on the city centre and finally, the creation of flagship projects whose scale and impact generate a positive public image of the new urban landscape. This theme of image, although it may sound somewhat vague and theoretical is regarded by a number of commentators as of crucial importance as negative perceptions can undermine regeneration and destroy the confidence of local communities leading to the idea of a lost city with no clear identity or brand (Trueman, et al., 2007, p.20) Law took the view that tourism provides an over arching framework which involves the grooming of a physical environment and infrast ructure conducive to the development of facilities and the generation of activities which will be of benefit to the local community, but will further involve the projection of the city as an area suitable for industrial and commercial activity. Those elements which may be termed primary attractors are museums, art galleries, concert halls, conference centres, sight halls and other ancillary elements. A city, however, must also be a place which attracts not just tourists, but those who want to live and work there on a permanent basis as such, it must persuade potential residents, business professionals and executives that it is capable of providing a lifestyle in keeping with their tastes and needs, to fold Newcastle upon-Tyne has managed through its regeneration to comply to Laws 1993 book Urban Tourism attracting visitors to large cities.

The Relationship Between Our Senses And Architecture

The Relationship Between Our Senses And Architecture. we all begin as consultation beings our four and a half month baptism in a sea of bottom must reserve a profound and everlasting effect on us save from the moment of birth onward, seeing seems to recede into the background of our consciousness and functions more as an accompaniment to what we see. Why this should be, rather than the reverse, is a mystery why does non the first of our senses to be activated retain a life long dominance of all the separates?-W fudge MurchIn modern times, the eye has croak the central point of the perceptual world. The primal dominance of hearing has been progressively replaced by the sense of vision. The hierarchy of the senses was not the same as it is today, where the eye, which dominates today, was in mavin-third place behind the sense of hearing and touch. The eye which is the governing organ of today was not the superior organ of the time which preferred hearing. Walter J Ong points expose that the shift from oral to written speech was essentially a shift from sound to visual blank shell. (Pallasmaa, 2005, pg 24). The will to power is very strong in vision. in that location is a very strong tendency in vision to grasp and fixate, to reify and totalize a tendency to dominate, secure and control states David Michael Levin(Pallasmaa, 2005, pg 17).Architecture is leaded to be the mother of all arts as it provides lays for daily activities of life un the like the other forms of art. But it should be more than simply just for utilitarian purposes it should withal appeal to our aesthetic sensibilities. By combining colours, substantials and shapes together, architects give out their artistic message in the structures that we see, hear and feel. (Blesser and Salter, 2007) Nonetheless the architecture of our time is turning into the retinal art of the eye architecture has greatly become an art of the printed image. Instead of experiencing our being in the world , we behold it from the outside as spectators of images projected on the draw near of the retina. (Holl, Pallasmaa and Gomez, 2006, pg 29). Archdaily and other such websites be daily reminders that architecture is a slave to its image. The callousness of contemporary architecture has resulted in an outcome of the negligence of the body and the senses, star to an imbalance in our sensory system. The suppression of the other senses due(p) to the domination of the sense of sight has resulted in the isolation, detachment and alienation of the individual (Pallasmaa, 2005). The aim of al most(prenominal) architects is to have their makes looking great in a set of photographs. However anyone who has visited a great piece of architecture knows that the experience is very different and practically much better than that of seeing it in photos. This is not only because of the added dimensions of depth and time are absent in the photographs, but because touch, taste, smell and, of course sound are also missing. The mission of architecture in general is to renovate the experience of an undifferentiated interior world, in which we are not mere spectators, but to which we inseparably belong. In their book, Questions of Perception Phenomenology of Architecture, Holl, Pallasmaa and Gomez imply that architecture involves all the senses interacting and infusing with each other. In comparison to a painting which is only two-dimensional, the painter will have to express his world with his system of colours which must generate this invisible complex of impressions. Sight is solitary and tends to separate us from the world where as the other senses unite us with it. A walk through a forest is said to be invigorating and healing because it interacts with all of our senses and not just a few. We tolerate hear the sound of the leaves rustling in the wind, get the scent of berries or raisins, and feel the warmth of sunlight filtering through the leaves.Blesser and Salter point o ut that, similar to poetry, architecture also contains symbolic meaning which portrays the culture and background of the architect, which he would depicts through spatial elements. Not only poetry, but even harmony is compared to architecture. Libeskind refers to the relationship of music and architecture not only by metaphor, but also through concrete spaces. He goes on to say, Every building that I have admired is, in effect a musical instrument whos performance gives space a quality that often seems to be transcended and immaterial. Goethe refers to architecture as being frozen music as architecture and music share the same vocabulary rhythm, proportion, harmony, repetition and contrast. In architecture these 5 elements can be represented in form, layout, circulation and site location. Zaha Hadid designed a music chamber which holds the solo performances of composer JS Bach, and the design is a visual representation of Bachs music.Yet architects generally consider the visual asp ect of the building. The writings of modernist architect Le Corbusier state I exist in life only if I can see and one needs to see clearly to understand (Pallasmaa 2005, pg 27). The gestalt laws of visual information are frequently used to analyse the experiences and perceptions of architectural form. Very rarely is the aural perception or acoustic aspect considered. This is because the modern culture has essentially adapted towards visual communications and has pocketable appreciation for the aroused influence of hearing, and hence attaches minuscule or no value for the art of auditory spatial awareness. Secondly, the aural experience of a space is continuously fleeting and disappearing instantly. There is no method of capturing and storing the aural experience of a space in museums, journals or archives. In contrast, the visual aspect of architecture can be recorded by means of sketches or photographs, and in this way the works of the previous generations can be learned about, even if the building does not exist anymore. Also the aural architecture of a space cannot be experienced without having dynamic events that produce sound, and inhabitants who complete the aural architecture. Another reason for the overlooking of aural architecture is that for most people the aural memory of the space and the language for describing this memory is weak and insufficient. Think about describing the sounds of a place, other than describing the events that caused the sound. Finally, most architects are awarded with prizes based on their visual portfolio, and they in turn train the next generation of architects to concentrate on the visual experience of a space. Questions about acoustic architecture are generally not familiar and professional architecture and design schools provide little or no training in aural aesthetics (Blesser and Salter, 2007) except the aural experience of a space is very important as it has significant influence on the mood and behavior of the p eople within those settings. go away is necessary for the social and emotional well-being of the user. It has the ability to touch our souls and speak to us at a vey profound level. It has the power to calm us, inspire us, perk as well as heal. The way we experience a space is largely determined by our aural perceptions of that space. Unfortunately, as mentioned earlier, modern culture has little appreciation for the emotional influence of hearing. Without music in movies, there would be no suspense, no excitement and no horror. Architecture without its aural properties would be like a movie without music (or sound track).There is no such thing as a silent room. Sound always exists in a space, and every space has acoustic properties which influence and change the sound. For this reason sound never exists in pure form because the space it exists in will alter it. Move a symphony orchestra to the forest and it will not sound the same even though the sound source is consistent. It wo uld loose the aural shock absorber and intimacy of a concert hall. Ever wondered why you sound better when singing in the bathroom in comparison to the living room? This is due to the acoustic properties of the bathroom, which is taking advantage of the resonance of a small space.Likewise every space has aural qualities which have the ability to affect the social and emotional well-being of the inhabitant although they may not be consciously aware of it. The acoustics of a grand cathedral can create an exalted mood those of a chapel can enhance the privacy of quiet contemplation those of an elevator can produce the feeling of encapsulation and, in the extreme, claustrophobia (Blesser and Salter, 2007). The aural architecture of a space could have a social meaning as well. The marble floors and walls of a lobby would indicate an approaching visitor by the loud echo of their footsteps. In contrast, the materials used in the living room would be thick carpeting, heavy draperies and up holstered furniture which would tone down the sound of footsteps. The aural aspects of the lobby therefore allege whether one is entering a public of private space. If these same materials were applied to the living room, the acoustic attributes would convey a different feeling cold, hard and barren, in comparison to warm, soft and intimate. (Blesser and Salter,2007,)Many times the visual and aural meaning of the space goes hand in hand, and reinforce each other. The vastness of the cathedral can be related through vision, whilst the engulfing echoes communicate through the ears. However this is not the case all the time as there are instances where the visual and aural aspects are not mutual. For instance an expensive restaurant may give the visual impact of having a relaxed and elegant atmosphere, but the echo of clattering produces stress, anxiety and tension, devising it difficult to socialize. (Blesser and Salter, 2007)The natural ability for human beings to sense a space by listening is hardly ever recognized. Many people think that espial spatial attributes requires a special skill, but all individuals do it almost naturally and on a daily basis. Observing that ordinary people hear dormant objects and sense spatial geometry needs a valid explanation (Blesser and Salter, 2007). Architecture does not radiate light and yet it can be seen. This is because it ruminates light, and this gives us knowledge about the form and material of the building. This same principle applies to sound, where we hear the sound that is reflected off the surfaces of the building and this too gives us an impression of the form and material of the building (Steen Eiler Rasmussen). The reverberation is the auditory mean by which we become conscious about spaces around us, and their properties. The space becomes audible. We then begin to see with our ears (Blesser and Salter, 2007). Each building or space will reverberate differently depending on the material used and the shape o f the rooms.Sound is invisible, but has the power to change the character of the space we occupy.-Julia Schulz-DornburgAural architecture refers to the properties of space that can be experienced by listening. These properties are volume (or form) and material, and they help an individual in perceiving an aural space. By covering the form and size of a space, one may be able to speculate what kind of aural intensity it possesses. But the visual perception does not prepare us for the actual aural experience the space reveals. Some spaces may seem to be acoustically impotent, but may surprise us with astonishing sound properties. An individuals behavior in a space as well as their perception of the significance of the space are greatly influenced by the sonic quality that the spaces possesses (Mateo Zlatar, 2003). For instance, the acoustics of a governmental chamber strengthens the importance of the speeches held within the space. The amount of sound a material will absorb or reflec t depends on it properties. Not only do materials evoke different feelings, but they can be combined and manipulated in different

The Turning Points In Three Stories English Literature Essay

The Turning Points In Three Stories English Literature establishOne of the almost important aspects of a story lies in the dynamic interactions of the different characters in it. Specially, it is on the main character that the story mainly revolves slightly and thus, it has the power to direct readers attentions. The main character of a story is called protagonist and there can be more than one main character in a story. The things happen to the main character, the way they are being reacted and the consequences or effects they bring are important factors for drawing readers attentions. Katherine Anne Porter, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Zora Neale Hurston on their stories The Jilting of Granny Weatherall, new-made Goodman Brown and Sweat are able to take their readers all the way down to the end by wounding the protagonists vanities by dint of breaking what they value most promise, trust and patience.Porters The Jilting of Granny Weatherall present the main character, Ellen Weathera l, also called Granny Weatheral, as a sick eighty-year-old woman who has been through up and down of life and flat laying on her dying bed. On this last day of her life, flashes of memories squeezes break from her heart-both to satisfy and to frustrate her (Kennedy 82). Porter moves back and forth freely from the present realities to the outgoing memories without visible time boundaries and confuses readers so that to show the confusions in the Granny Weathers mind. As the title itself foreshadow, Granny Weatherall had been jilted. Sixty years before, she was being left alone at the altar sweating inside a white veil and in front of an untouched white cake (82). By then her husband to be, George, did not show up at all. The feeling of being jilted was so devastating and it has been affecting her throughout her lifetime.However, as time passes, she is able to go through dislodges that to some extent heal parts of her wounded vanity. Even if he is not alive today, she wishes to le t George k like a shots that she is given back everything he took away and more (83). Somehow, she is satisfactory in her accomplishwork forcets in life. After he jilted her, she married another man called John and bore four children with him. Even though John died at a younger age, she was successful to raises the children alone. She fantasizes the memories and wishes the old days were back again with the children young and everything to be done over (81).Some twenty years before, she was anticipate of dying soon. However, death had never come by. Now, at the time she less think of it and unprepared for it, it comes to her as an endless mass of darkness. Even thought she hates the surprise, she believes that she has already secured a straight road to God (84). Her life, as a dot of light in the bottomless of the darkness, is waiting sign from God so that to be taken to nirvana. God might be late or does not come at all. Nevertheless, Granny Weatherall, as a person who had been j ilted before, has no courage to withstand the feeling and to wait. She once again feels being jilted. However, this time it is by what she value most and theres nothing more cruel than this-shell never yield it (85). With this break of the promise of eternal life, her self-importance become permanently lost and she decide to end her life by blowing out the spot light.On the sec story, the Young Goodman Brown, Hawthorne presented a young man called Young Goodman Brown who is newly married with a young woman, called religion. Hawthorne utilize such symbolic naming so that to magnify the roles of the characters. The story opens with Young Goodman Brown leaving to a forest at night with a curious evil purpose -a mysterious go to see the devil (420). When he leaves home, he feels sad for abandoning Faith at night and promises for himself that this will be for once and for all. However, what he is going to experience at this night would change him far more than what he imagined.While Brown fearfully hurries into the forest, he encounters an old man who seems the devil himself. Soon after, Brown feels enceinte and begins cursing himself for being the first to participate in such wickedness in his family line, whom he assumed them as a race of honest men and good Christians (421). The traveler argues by evidencing himself as collaborator of Browns ancestors while they were committing crimes of persecution and genocide. Later on, Brown noticed an old woman, who had thought him catechism as youth and who currently is his counselor, transaction into the darkness. Even though this tempted him for a while, he realizes that this womans choice to ruin her life has nothing to do with him and decides to stop to move forward-hoping to return home. However, before long he hears horses riders and recognize the voices of the minister and Deacon Gookin, discussing astir(predicate) the exciting meeting and the attractive young woman they are going to see (424). Even later, h e know the voices of his villages peoples whom he presumes them as good peoples. The whole thing shocked him to death However, even with all these, he is even determined to resist the wicked with heaven above and Faith below, I will yet stand firm against the devil (424).Nevertheless, after a while he hears the voice of his dear Faith and sees the pink ribbon, which was in her head when he left home, flying down to the tree in the forest. This collapses him he loses his trust in humankind completely and acknowledges, there is no good on earth (425). This is the turning bear down where he rejects the vanities of the world and his moral code becomes completely paralyzed. In resentment and grief, he rushes to the congregation. At some point after he reached, when he was not able to find Faith there, he was hoping that his backsliding would heal. Yet, the one look at his pale wife makes the change irreversible (428). This fearful experience, whether it was dream or reality, make him to lead a distrustful and gloomy life afterwards.Lastly, in her story, Sweat, Hurston present the main character, Delia John, as a suppressed and exploited washerwoman who is married to an oppressive husband, Skyes Johns. Even if she has been in this abusive relationship for fifteen year, they had different expectations from the beginning she had brought love to the union and he had brought a longing after the flesh (531). Throughout their life together, he has been mistreating her both physically and mentally, wasting her money and cheating frequently on her. However, still she is trying to cope with the situation by neglecting him and by avoiding the villagers and meeting places in her efforts to be blind and deaf(534) Even if she tried to bring peace back serviceman many times, he refused to do so as he has now another intention.Now, he wants to throw out Delia as sugar-cane and lives with another woman at Delias house (533). While he knew that she has an extreme fear for snake, thinking it would help him to push her out, he allows a rattlesnake to stay at the house. One time, when she complains that she is starving, as she is not able to go to the kitchen for fear of the snake, he affirms her that he has no plan to get rid of the snake at all. At that moment, her love to him originate blurred-Ah hate you tuh de same degree dat Ah useter love yuh. Ah done took an took till mah belly is full up tuh mah neck.(535) However, it seems that he is not yet thrown out completely. She still hopes that he might feel regretful perhaps he was sorry (536).On the next day, while she comes home with relaxed mood from church and after she began on the job(p) inside the house, she finds out that the snake is inside. Frightened to death, she is manages to escape and to lie on the barn of the house. While she is there, coherent thought comes toward her mind and she begins to make self-examinations (536). She realizes that, her life is now endangered and it is vivid that Sky es wants to kill her. She also becomes conscious that, it is futile to fight for this unfortunate marriage and there will nothing she will regret about Well, Ah done de bes Ah could. If things aint right, Gawd knows taint mah fault (536). After that, Skyes entered to the house and attached by the snake. As she is already utterly broken and wounded, even though she can hear his portentous screams, she does not have the gut to help. Even at the end, she rather wants him to realize she had been there the whole time he was being attached.These three stories are resembling in that they all have a turning point in which the main characters totally wounded their vanity. However, each was used for different purposes. Porter used that point to conclude the story as a loser, Nathaniel for brining permanent behaviors changes and Hurston for ending suppressions and miseries.

Media And Politics: Agenda Setting And Framing Essay -- essays researc

How has media influenced public perception of semipolitical figures, issues, and institutions? Through agenda setting and framing, media has the power to set the agenda for political discussion by providing public attention to political figures, issues, and institutions. In addition, the media can frame political agendas by influencing public perception and interpretation. (Ginsberg, Lowi & Weir, 1999)Agenda Setting and enclosePolitical Figures and CandidatesIn campaigning, media coverage plays a large role for candidates. They use the media to make their name heard and image seen. Nearly everything a candidate does is pitch toward the media, especially television (Stuckey, 1999, p. 99) Candidates make appearances on talk shows, televise town hall meetings, and press conferences. Their agenda is not the issues they present or their positions on them, precisely to gain media attention.If the candidates do not present interesting visuals or dramatic news, than the media can pull t he plug from underneath them. The media has a good deal of delicacy over how individuals are allowed to portray themselves (Ginsberg, Lowi & Weir, 1999, p. 298). In addition, the media has control over how they portray an individual. Thus, political figures are framed by the media.The media can set the image for a political figure or candidate, sealing their approval or disapproval for them and cementing that image toward the audience. The media can make certain political figures or candidat...

Colonialism and Imperialism - European Ideals in Heart of Darkness and

dig outness of European Ideals Exposed in Heart of Darkness and The apprehend Men Kurtz occupies a peculiar position in Conrads Heart of Darkness and T.S. Eliots The Hollow Men. Mr. Kurtz, he dead is the epigraph to The Hollow Men. Eliot draws an obvious allusion to Kurtz, the honorablely hollow cosmos in Heart of Darkness. Left to his own devices, Kurtz commits appalling acts such as shrinking human heads and performing terrible sacrifices. Kurtz is armed with that the dubious spirit of moral superiority of his culture and the desire to civilize the natives (Dahl 34). This front quickly crumbles when faced with the noble yet savage ways offered by Africa. The crumbling front only leaves a hollow void of desired ideas and morals. This hollowness is what Eliot builds on to develop his own idea of hollowness. Kurtz is an apt example of the hollowness of European ideals that Eliot wanted to expose. T.S. Eliots The Hollow Men uses Conrads Kurtz to enforce the idea of hollowness f ound in contemporary Western thought, because Kurtz is a model European and represents the ideas of the modern Western Everyman. Kurtz is a first European thinker and citizen. He is the product of idealistic, progressive, and optimistic thought (Dahl 34). Kurtz is a Renaissance man, being a musician, a painter, a journalist, and a universal temperament (71). So swell up does Kurtz perform all his duties, Marlow never figures out Kurtzs true occupation. Marlow can envision Kurtz as a painter who wrote for the papers as well as a journalist who could paint (71). Kurtzs universal talent extends to the field of politics, where he could have been a splendid leader of an extreme party, in fact of any party (71). Kurtz was highly respected... ...rmany and later in Vietnam and Cambodia (Anderson 404). In all likelihood, Heart of Darkness was just a prelude to the atrocities that could be committed with the continuation of European thought as it was. Eliot explicitly says one of the t hemes to Part V is the present decay of Eastern Europe (Roessel 55). Eliot built on this theme of moral hollowness in The Hollow Men, by having Kurtz and his actions be representative of contemporary European thought. Works Cited Anderson, Walter E. Heart of Darkness The Sublime Spectacle. University of Toronto Quarterly 57(3) (1998) 404-421. Dahl, James C. Kurtz, Marlow, Conrad and the sympathetic Heart of Darkness. Studies in the Literary Imagination 1(2) (1968) 33-40. Roessel, David. Guy Fawkes Day and the Versailles Peace in The Hollow Men. English Language Notes 28(1) (1990) 52-58.